![]() ![]() The existing industry-grade COMSOL multiphysics models of OTM were upgraded for the latest software release. The feedstocks reviewed include natural gas and coal for the conventional technologies, whereas biomass, solar, wind, and nuclear energy for the renewable technologies. In this report, an exhaustive literature review was performed to survey the current state of technology for producing syngas and H 2 using more ยป either conventional or renewable energy sources. Therefore, developing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models that incorporate fluid dynamics, mass transport, kinetics, heat transport, and structural mechanics is critical to understanding and minimizing the probability of tube failures during the startup and operation. Although the OTM combined reformer technology for syngas and H 2 production has been substantially developed in the last decade, several challenges that affect the overall production efficiency and reliability are yet to be fully understood, addressed, and resolved. This process is followed in series by a ceramic OTM with a secondary reformer, in which residual methane reforms and O 2- ions react with a portion of the CO and H 2 fuel to provide the heat to support both primary and secondary reforming. The OTM consists of a primary reforming tube, in which desulfurized natural gas is partially reformed by steam at high pressure in the presence of a metal catalyst. ![]() An Oxygen Transport Membrane (OTM) combined reforming technology for producing syngas and hydrogen integrates the advantages of multiple processes-steam methane reforming (SMR), autothermal reforming (ATR), an air separation unit (ASU)-into a single integrated technology. ![]()
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